光强对欧洲舌齿鲈稚鱼眼组织基因表达的影响     

吴禹濛  袁震  姜洁明  张磊  任星月  姚安琪  宋昌斌  闫红伟  刘鹰 《海洋科学》2021,45(2):40-50

大多数海水鱼类靠视觉器官识别并捕捉饵料,光强对其视觉器官基因表达影响的研究较少。为探究光照强度对鱼类眼内基因表达的影响,本实验以孵化后30 d的欧洲舌齿鲈为研究对象,在白光2.0 W/m²(W 2.0)、1.0 W/m²(W 1.0)和0.3 W/m²(W 0.3)条件下对其进行了为期66 d的养殖实验。实验结束后,首先比较三组稚鱼的体长、湿重和存活率,结果发现,W 2.0组饲养的稚鱼体长和湿重显著低于W 1.0和W 0.3组稚鱼(P<0.05),但三组之间的存活率无显著性差异(P>0.05)。然后,我们构建了W 2.0和W 0.3组两组稚鱼眼组织的转录组文库并进行高通量测序,结果共获得差异表达基因368个,与W 0.3组相比,W 2.0组中234个基因上调表达,134个基因下调表达。最后对筛选得到的晶状体纤维主要固有蛋白(lens fiber major intrinsic protein,MIP),视黄醇结合蛋白(retinol-binding protein,RBP),维生素A脱氢异构酶(retinoid isomerohydrolase,RPE65),热休克同源70(heat shock cognate 70,HSC70),伸长因子1-α(elongation factor 1-alpha,EF1A)和葡萄糖-6-磷酸异构酶(glucose-6-phosphate isomerase,GPI)6个差异表达基因进行qPCR验证,结果与转录组数据一致,且它们可能在稚鱼响应光照强度的过程中起着重要作用。以上结果说明光照强度可以影响鱼类眼内基因的表达,将为研究光照强度对鱼类视觉的影响机制提供基础数据,同时也对欧洲舌齿鲈稚鱼的健康养殖具有一定的参考价值。  相似文献   

三种不同乳酸菌对凡纳滨对虾生长、抗病力及肠道菌群结构的影响     

李佳徽  王明阳  田相利  刘龙镇  李海东  李丽  董双林  薛玲 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2021,(4)

本研究比较了饲料中添加粪肠球菌(Enterococcus faecalis LYB1)、嗜酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus acidophilus W2)和凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans NJ17)对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)幼虾的生长、抗病力及肠道菌群结构的影响。以基础饲料中分别添加1.0×1010 cfu/kg浓度的3种不同乳酸菌为实验组,以基础饲料为对照组,以投喂方式养殖对虾42 d。养殖结束后,进行14 d的副溶血弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus)攻毒实验。研究表明:投喂3种乳酸菌的实验组对虾的体重、特定生长率、饲料效率和表观消化率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),其中以添加凝结芽孢杆菌组效果最佳。攻毒实验显示,添加粪肠球菌和嗜酸乳杆菌均可显著降低对虾的累计死亡率(P<0.05)。添加乳酸菌的各实验组对虾的肠道细菌群落结构与对照组相比均发生了明显变化,其中以添加粪肠球菌组差异最大。在门水平上,变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)为对虾肠道优势菌群。在纲分类水平上,α-变形菌纲(Alphaproteobacteria)、丹毒丝菌纲(Erysipelotrichia)和黄杆菌纲(Flavobacteriia)为对虾肠道优势菌群。研究结果显示,凝结芽孢杆菌NJ17对凡纳滨对虾促长效果最佳,而嗜酸乳杆菌W2对对虾抗病力提高效果最佳,3种乳酸菌均明显改善了对虾肠道微生物群落的组成和丰度。  相似文献   

基于CA模型的旅游小镇增长的时空模拟与应用——以河北三坡镇为例   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

杨俊  席建超  解鹏  葛全胜  李雪铭  高航 《地理研究》2013,32(5):915-923

旅游小镇增长的时空模拟是城镇化影响下的土地利用/覆盖变化研究的重要手段。近年来旅游小镇的城镇化以其旅游业发展带动城镇发展的独特模式引起国内外学者的高度关注。论文以元胞自动机模型为基础,运用旅游小镇旅游城镇化增长模型,对河北省三坡镇的旅游城镇化发展进行模拟与预测。模拟结果显示:①2005-2010年研究区城镇增长主要围绕现有镇区范围扩展,全域年均增速为0.015 km²/年;②2010-2015年主要城镇增长区位于镇内距离景区较近的苟各庄村附近,全域年均增速为0.040 km²/年,其他区域则保持相对较为平稳的状态。研究表明元胞自动机模型在模拟旅游小镇演化具有较高的可靠性,为研究城镇化条件下区域生态景观格局变化提供前提保证,对于提高土地资源利用效率,保障小镇健康有序发展具有十分重要的意义。  相似文献   

Modelling sustainable urban growth in a rapidly urbanising region using a fuzzy-constrained cellular automata approach     

Yan Liu 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(1):151-167

This article presents an application of a fuzzy-constrained cellular automata model to simulate the spatio-temporal processes of urban growth in the rapidly growing Gold Coast City in Southeast Queensland, Australia. Urban growth has been captured in the model as a continuous process in space and over time, which has been affected by a set of primary and secondary transition rules. The primary transition rules deal with the propensity of a local area for development and the impact of its neighbouring cells on such development, while the secondary transition rules reflect the influences of environmental and institutional factors on urban growth. Application of the model demonstrates its re-applicability to different regions and the effectiveness of the cellular automata technique in studying urban dynamics. It also provides tools to explore sustainable urban growth options under different socio-environmental and planning control factors. A sustainable urban future of the region is achievable if development is managed to maintain a balance amongst ecological conservation, economic growth and the contemporary Australian lifestyle.  相似文献   

The inclusion of differentially assessed lands in urban growth model calibration: a comparison of two approaches using SLEUTH     

Jeff Onsted  Keith C. Clarke 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(5):881-898

This research sought to understand the role that differentially assessed lands (lands in the United States given tax breaks in return for their guarantee to remain in agriculture) play in influencing urban growth. Our method was to calibrate the SLEUTH urban growth model under two different conditions. The first used an excluded layer that ignored such lands, effectively rendering them available for development. The second treated those lands as totally excluded from development. Our hypothesis was that excluding those lands would yield better metrics of fit with past data. Our results validate our hypothesis since two different metrics that evaluate goodness of fit both yielded higher values when differentially assessed lands are treated as excluded. This suggests that, at least in our study area, differential assessment, which protects farm and ranch lands for tenuous periods of time, has indeed allowed farmland to resist urban development. Including differentially assessed lands also yielded very different calibrated coefficients of growth as the model tried to account for the same growth patterns over two very different excluded areas. Excluded layer design can greatly affect model behavior. Since differentially assessed lands are quite common through the United States and are often ignored in urban growth modeling, the findings of this research can assist other urban growth modelers in designing excluded layers that result in more accurate model calibration and thus forecasting.  相似文献   

集聚经济影响城市经济增长的理论基础与实证研究:文献述评与展望     

陈乐 《地理科学进展》2022,41(7):1325-1337

集聚经济理论自诞生之日起便与城市经济增长存在着本源联系。论文系统梳理集聚经济理论的起源与发展,归纳集聚经济阐释城市空间形成与发展的核心思想,明确集聚经济与城市经济增长之间是具有本源联系的。进一步回顾集聚经济影响城市经济增长的程度与机制,发现以人口密度等指标为代表的集聚经济能够显著促进城市经济的增长,可从“宏观过程”与“微观过程”两大视角探寻城市集聚经济影响城市经济增长的解释机制。这一工作不仅是以往集聚经济与城市经济增长相关文献回顾的一个延续,也为后续集聚经济影响中国城市经济增长的实证研究提供了一个参照。  相似文献   

南海西南海盆的岩石圈张裂模式探讨   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

姚伯初 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1999,19(2):37-48

南海西南海盆的西北边缘和东南边缘在地形地貌上不对称,在地质构造特征上东南边缘为上板块边缘,西北边缘为下板块边缘,它们为一对共轭边缘。新生代张性构造运动和海底扩张活动中,上地壳呈脆性,发生过脆性变形,产生了一系列倾斜正断裂及一系列断块,断块沿断层面转动,在地表出现一系列半地堑,在拉张应力的进一步作用下,上地壳沿断层面被拉开;下地壳呈塑性,发生塑性变形,最后以瓶颈方式被拉断。由此可见,在张性应力场作用下,岩石圈的变形方式是分层而异的：上地壳以简单剪切方式变形,下地壳以纯剪切方式变形。因此,整个岩石圈的变形方式是分层变形的  相似文献   

南海西北部水域斑节对虾资源的调查研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

钟振如  李辉权  张月平  陈敏 《热带海洋学报》1999,18(3):58

1989－1991年对南海西北部水域进行斑节对虾Penaeusmonodon资源专项调查。结果表明,斑节对虾的密集分布区在海南岛东部和南部海区,其现存资源量为82．6万尾,周年有体长30mm以下的幼虾出现。主要产卵期在9－12月。产卵场在海南岛东部和南部水深30-60m的海区。  相似文献   

Seasonal dynamics in feeding, organ weights, and reproductive maturation of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in the southern Gulf of St Lawrence     

Schwalme  K.; Chouinard  G. A. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1999,56(3):303-319

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Growth histories derived from otolith microstructure of three Norwegian cod stocks co-reared in mesocosms; effect of initial size and prey size changes   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

Suthers  I. M.; Van Der Meeren  T.; Jorstad  K. E. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1999,56(5):658-672

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